This is Part Three of my article on challenges that English Language Learners (ELLs) face. If you prefer to read this article in Italian, please go to:
http://accelerationenglish.blogspot.com/Challenge 7) Articles & Prepositions – sometimes the smallest words can the most challenging! In English, the definite article is often omitted, and prepositions can be a problem for many students, even at more advanced levels. I have many advanced students who are able to carry on long conversations in English about a variety of subjects, but they continue to have difficulties with articles and prepositions.
SOLUTIONS: Expressways to Learning by Dr. Jack Hoes; Acceleration English; various sites on the Internet (check back for a list of links!)
Challenge 8) Among the most difficult challenges for intermediate and advanced students are phrasal verbs and verbs that are followed by a preposition - verbs that are followed by another word or words, that change the original meaning of the verb. An example is the verb “to pick”, which we use to indicate choosing something, or the harvesting of food. However, if we say “to pick up” we don’t mean “to choose something in a vertical manner”. Neither do we mean “to harvest food using an upward motion”. We mean “to take something into the hand and lift it”.
These verbs can be confusing for ELLs. To add to this confusion, we also say “I’ll pick you up at 8:00”, but we don’t mean that we will physically lift the other person using our own strength. What about the term “pick-up truck”? These vehicles don’t physically lift people or objects by themselves, but the term is fairly descriptive and is usually understood by my ELLs in Italy.
Then there is the slang expression “pick up” which indicates the seeking of new acquaintances to form a romantic attachment. Many things that a native English speaker takes for granted can be quite difficult for an ELL to master.
SOLUTIONS: Expressways to Learning by Dr. Jack Hoes; Acceleration English; various sites on the Internet (check back for a list of links that I am preparing)
Challenge 9) The Alphabet – I’d like to begin by asking a question that I ask of all of my ELLs, whether they are beginners, intermediate or advanced level students. Everyone knows the ABC song, but when someone spells their surname for you over the phone, can you write it correctly with no errors? (Can you spell it correctly without having it repeated for you several times?)
I ask these questions because this is an area where many ELLs are weak, yet teachers assume that they have mastered the alphabet.
SOLUTIONS: Basic alphabet practice in class (dictated spelling); Expressways to Reading by Dr. Jack Hoes; Acceleration English by Marcy Jeanine Coate; various sites on the Internet (check back for list of links that I am preparing)
Challenge 10) Another area where ELLs are often weak is the interrogatives (who, what, where, etc.) If you are confused about the meaning of the first word in a sentence, how can you possibly answer that question?
SOLUTION: More practice with interrogatives in class; The Square by Santina Spiriti; Acceleration English by Marcy Jeanine Coate
My next article will include some general resources that are very helpful for students and teachers.
Wishing you all happy learning & effective teaching!
Marcy Jeanine Coate